Stalking e ciberstalking em estudantes universitários: Uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2018.4.2.75Palavras-chave:
Ciberstalking, Estudantes universitários, Stalking, VitimaçãoResumo
Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento dos fenómenos de stalking e ciberstalking através da identificação e análise dos estudos empíricos referentes à ocorrência daqueles fenómenos em estudantes universitários. Métodos: Para tal adotámos os procedimentos para a realização de uma revisão sistemática sobre a investigação realizada sobre a ocorrência do stalking e do ciberstalking em estudantes do ensino universitário. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que predominam os estudos quantitativos de natureza transversal, recorrendo a designs exploratórios, descritivos e correlacionais, centrados na vítima. Os instrumentos mais utilizados para avaliar ambos os fenómenos foram diversos, porém todos os estudos recorreram a inventários de autorrelato. Em relação à prevalência dos fenómenos, os valores obtidos nos estudos foram muito diferentes (e.g., de 12% a 96% ao longo da vida). Em ambos os fenómenos, as dinâmicas e os comportamentos revelaram que as vítimas eram maioritariamente do sexo feminino, os ofensores pertenciam maioritariamente ao sexo masculino, decorrendo comumente o fenómeno de uma relação de intimidade ou por pessoas conhecidas (e.g., colega, familiar, vizinho). As áreas mais afetadas, no stalking e no ciberstalking, foram a saúde psicológica e física, com consequências nos estilos de vida e economia dos estudantes universitários. Quanto às respostas à vitimação, as fontes de apoio informal foram as mais ativadas pelas vítimas. Conclusões: Em relação aos fenómenos do stalking ou ciberstalking em estudantes universitários, concluímos que predominam os estudos de prevalência, de natureza transversal e fazendo uso de diferentes tipos de instrumentos. Consideramos que a investigação pode abranger outras amostras, estudos de continuidade, beneficiando com uniformização na escolha de instrumentos para a recolha de dados e no estudo da coocorrência dos fenómenos.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2018 Sara A. Pires, Ana Isabel Sani, & Cristina Soeiro
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