Validação da versão portuguesa de Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire em idosos institucionalizados

Mariana Neves; Inês Queiroz Garcia; Helena Espirito-Santo; Laura Lemos

doi:10.31211/rpics.2018.4.1.70

Autores

Mariana Neves Instituto Superior Miguel Torga http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3234-9587
Inês Queiroz Garcia Instituto Superior Miguel TorgaCoimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7842-5285
Helena Espirito-Santo Instituto Superior Miguel TorgaCoimbra, PortugalCentro de Investigação do Núcleo de Estudos e Intervenção Cognitivo-Comportamental Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-3754
Laura Lemos Instituto Superior Miguel TorgaCoimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-8312

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2018.4.1.70

Palavras-chave:

Pessoas Idosas, Institucionalização, Avaliação, SWBQ, Bem-estar espiritual

Resumo

Contexto e Objetivo: É incontornável a importância que o conceito de bem-estar espiritual assume nos dias de hoje. A investigação é escassa na população idosa institucionalizada, sendo assim importante o desenvolvimento de instrumentos no âmbito do bem-estar espiritual validados para esta população. Este estudo tem como principal objetivo a análise das qualidades psicométricas e a validação da versão portuguesa do Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ). Método: A amostra incluiu 101 pessoas idosas institucionalizadas da zona de Coimbra (n = 51; 50,5%) e Aveiro (n = 50; 49,5%), com idades compreendidas entre os 65 e os 96 anos, 33 (32,7%) eram do sexo masculino e 68 (67,3%) do sexo feminino. Para além do SWBQ, foram administrados a Escala sobre a Esperança, a Escala de Otimismo, o Geriatric Anxiety Inventory e a Geriatric Depression Scale. Resultados: O SWBQ apresentou uma estrutura fatorial de três fatores (ambiental, transcendental e humanitário), diferente da versão original cuja estrutura fatorial apontava para quatro fatores. A consistência interna foi adequada e a validade convergente e divergente não atestaram a sua validade de constructo. O bem-estar espiritual foi diferente de forma estatisticamente significativa a nível do sexo (p < 0,01), estado civil (p < 0,05) e profissão (p < 0,05). Conclusões: Este estudo contribuiu para a disponibilização de um novo instrumento para a avaliação do bem-estar espiritual nas pessoas de idade avançada institucionalizadas, tendo evidenciado características psicométricas razoáveis, devendo, no entanto, ser replicado em amostras com outras características para a confirmação destes dados.

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